October 2025, the balance-of-payments current account posted a deficit of EUR 24,636 million, compared with EUR 23,644 million in the same year-ago period, according to a National Bank of Romania (BNR) release.
According to the quoted source, the breakdown shows that the deficit on trade in goods widened by EUR 51 million, the surplus on services expanded by EUR 560 million, the primary income deficit increased by EUR 807 million, while the secondary income balance made a negative contribution of EUR 694 million.
In January - October 2025, total external debt rose by EUR 22,078 million to EUR 225,588 million, of which: long-term external debt at end-October 2025 ran at EUR 177,617 million (78.7 percent of total external debt), up 13.6 percent against end-2024; short-term external debt at end-October 2025 amounted to EUR 47,971 million (21.3 percent of total external debt), up 1.7 percent from end-2024.
Long-term external debt service ratio stood at 17.1 percent in January - October 2025 against 21.5 percent in 2024. At end-October 2025, goods and services import cover ran at 6.0 months, as compared to 5.7 months at end-2024.
At end-October 2025, the ratio of the National Bank of Romania's foreign exchange reserves to short-term external debt by remaining maturity came in at 105.2 percent, as against 103.6 percent at end-2024.
Non-residents' direct investments in Romania totalled EUR 7,237 million (compared with EUR 5,625 million in January - October 2024), of which equity (including the estimated reinvestment of earnings) and intercompany lending recorded net values of EUR 4,967 million and EUR 2,270 million, respectively.
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