The trade balance deficit (FOB/CIF) in the period 1 January-30 November 2025 amounted to 29.770 billion euros, down 299.6 million euros (-1.0%) compared with the period 1 January-30 November 2024, according to data the National Institute of Statistics (INS) published on Monday.
According to the INS, in November 2025 FOB exports totalled 8.372 billion euros, while CIF imports amounted to 10.633 billion euros, resulting in a deficit worth 2.260 billion euros.
Compared with November 2024, exports in November 2025 decreased 0.1%, while imports fell 5.3%.
In the period 1 January-30 November 2025, FOB exports totalled 89.420 billion euros and CIF imports 119.190 billion euros. Exports increased 3.9% and imports rose 2.6% compared with the period 1 January-30 November 2024.
In the first 11 months of 2025, significant shares in the structure of exports and imports were held by the following product groups: machinery and transport equipment, accounting for 46.5% of exports and 36.8% of imports, and other manufactured products, with 26.9% of exports and 28.4% of imports.
The value of intra-EU27 trade in goods in the period 1 January-30 November 2025 stood at 64.118 billion euros for dispatches and 86.223 billion euros for arrivals, representing 71.7% of total exports and 72.3% of total imports.
The value of extra-EU27 trade in goods amounted to 25.302 billion euros in exports and 32.966 billion euros in imports, representing 28.3% of total exports and 27.7% of total imports.
According to the INS, the FOB/CIF trade balance is calculated on the basis of the value of FOB exports and CIF imports, as the difference between the two. A negative trade balance is referred to as a deficit, while a positive balance is referred to as a surplus.
The FOB price (Free on Board) represents the price at the border of the exporting country and includes the value of the goods, all transport costs up to the point of loading, as well as all taxes the goods must bear in order to be loaded on board.
The CIF price (Cost, Insurance, Freight) represents the price at the border of the importing country and includes both the components of the FOB price and the cost of insurance and international transport.
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